Threesology Research Journal
The Nature of Threes according to Humanity...1

A Study of the Threes Phenomena


Nature of 3s... 1 Nature of 3s... 2 Nature of 3s... 3 Nature of 3s... 4

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Red flag warning about the presence of dichotomies

I have found that Mark Mahin's "Nature Loves The Number Three" theme to be highly useful tool when providing others with an insight into the recurrence of patterns-of-three on the most fundament level of Nature according to the science of physics.

The following illustrated list is an expanded version of his idea (meaning I simply added a few more examples, some from Astronomy, Biology, and Earth Science):

Examples of threes found on Mark Mahin list

By adding additional examples of "threes" from other subjects focused on identifying fundamental parts, structuring, and activity, a chronology of three-patterned events unfolds. With the addition of biological examples and associated generalizations of overall activity which reveal distinct parameters; such as the notion of a recurring 'Conservation of Number' being portrayed. Whether or not you agree that Mark has uncovered a "Science of Three", one can not but be intrigued by his list of Natural Threes being exposed by physics, even though the mental apperception of some interested reviewers may prefer to look for some other pattern that they have neither taken the time to make a list of, nor determine its place in the larger context of multiple other subjects involving fundamentals of Nature.

Curiously, the recurrence of "threes" in particle physics is not routinely or openly discussed nor are efforts made to make correlations with other subjects. Ideological forays into non-typical forays of consideration and correlation is not the standard practice to be found in Universities of this age. While one can find acceptance of new ideas in subjects largely described as "fringe" orientations offering other considerations which are rightly questionable, they too depend on the usage of an internalized metaphysics consistent with their topic of interest, and do not readily accommodate an altogether reassessment of their views when confronted by new information. For example, the practiced metaphysics of Western Religions and Eastern Philosophies are dyed-in-the-wool accumulations over time which become absorbed by those who practice such and ideological ceremonialism and wear it so tightly it is much like binding one's feet or brain so as to contour it along lines of development and usage which can not be undone and must therefore be eradicated by deliberately forceful means. Nonetheless,the topic of threes in particle physics might well be termed a cognitive theme, even if it is not a dominant ideological consideration of those in the field of particle physics, nor the interest of the intellectual public who keep abreast of ideological considerations taking place in this field of study.

Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the
natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence.

Science Council

While such a foregoing statement may seem rational and logical to many a reader, it also is reasonable to construct an "enumeration-relevant" (i.e. contextually meaning "threes-relevant" aphorism) by using the flip-flopping ideological scaffolding idea found in the well-known artist's model of: "A picture is worth a thousand words"; reversed so as to express the literary directive of: "A word is worth a thousand pictures"... thus creating the following:

You need to gather evidence based on a systematic methodology of the human centered social/cultural and
natural worlds from which an understanding of the knowledge may be applied in the pursuit of a science.

Threesology Council

The study of Particle Physics for example, seeks out the basic structure of existence by minimizing ambiguous assumptions where the human mind has been prone to venture into with adventurous speculations influenced by the current model of mathematics... whose primary foundation is based on a Persistence of Dichotomization, whose users are oblivious to the notion of trichotomization in Nature; which otherwise presents us with a cautionary red flag that highlights the possibility of an ongoing developmental shift in human consciousness along a 1-2-3 scenario of cognitive activity that has largely been overlooked and most people do not have the appropriate ideologically-based vocabulary and modeling metaphors with which they can articulate their transformative experiences into a third consciousness with any coherent explanation because the idea of Trichotomization in human development has not even been conceptualized as an actual event, though routinely seen expressed in metaphors of western religion and eastern philosophy.


Selection of dualities used in Mathematics

While the hint of such a potential is quite old, it was expressed in terms of triadic models associated with metaphysics, spirituality, and mythology like some higher positioned imaginary bubble of information seen in multiple comic strips, but taken seriously and on multiple occasions such as having been worshipped as a desirable to-seek/reach-for higher state of being so as to be "one-with-god" or gods or Buddha or reach Nirvana, Heaven, or other god-like state of being. Ancient realizations of a third consciousness potentiality was illustrated with variously constructed triads in multiple cases (including triangular arrowheads, spearheads, etc...), in which the characters are seen being imbued with one or more super-natural abilities... thus illustrating human minds think that an "enlarged" (Enlightened) consciousness is meant to exhibit particular qualities that frequently means a super-human quality in the same vein of ideological consideration where calculus is claimed to be superior to basic arithmetic, and those that are able to perform the "calculus of calculus" are themselves superior beings. Instead, most humans are left to experience the event in relation to what ideas they already practice, unless a person turns to some equally inadequate present day ideological path of metaphysics, spirituality, witchcraft, etc... from otherwise well-meaning practitioners of esoteric crafts who are themselves appreciably ignorant of human developmental cognition along a third axis... where all present day ideological constructs are insufficient... and thus unable to feed the hunger of an infancy of humanity's developing sense of trichotomization where some experiences can be traumatic to the extent that human ignorance is placed into the position of being a guard dog for antiquated ideologies which all western religions and eastern philosophies represent... that is knocked over the head with with a club which causes them to awaken at the threshold of a third consciousness but has no vocabulary or supportive ideological model in hand, with which to describe... thereby becoming confused, disoriented and lost.

But there is a problem, because institution after institution after institution not only resides in the realm of Persistent dichotomies, but expects the various populations of the world to adhere to duality-based world-view perspectives, despite biological evidence suggesting human consciousness has the potential to develop a third realm of consciousness with a different real-world reality... and that this potential in inescapable for humanity, thus presenting situations of future conflict to arise as perspectives of duality are confronted by perspectives of trichotomy... for which no culture, no society, no nation is sufficiently prepared for as individuals begin to experiencing their individualized segmentations into a third consciousness realization, without realizing what is taking place, and there is not one who is in a position to adequately guide them through... thus presenting some with travails of experience like running a gauntlet within the given circumstances of their individual lives. Here is a shorthand list of dichotomies from different ideologies (some of which overlap in multiple subjects ):

  • Feminist theory: (men/women, dependent/independent, men-public sphere/women-private sphere, masculine mind/femine body)
  • Sociology theory: (haves/have nots, Structure vs. Agency, Individual vs. Society, Modernity vs. Tradition...)
  • Economic theory: (buy/sell, input-output, crowding out/crowding in, macro/micro, fast/slow thinking, supply/demand...)
  • Employment theory: (closed/open shop, Classical vs. Keynesian, employed/unemployed, tips/wages, employer/employee... )
  • Accounting theory: (in the black/in the red, double-entry)
  • Psychology: (Nature/Nuture, Sane/Insane, Bipolar, Schizophrenia (ambivalence), Child/Adult, Mind/Body, extraverted/introverted, rational/irrational, thinking/feeling, intuitive/sensing, psychiatry/psychology...)
  • Biological Science: (Binomial Nomenclature, Night/Day sequencing, birth/death, terrestrial/extra-terrestrial...)
  • Architecture/"Art-itecture": (complexity/simplicity, indoors/outdoors, urban/rural, open/closed, light/shadow, rough/smooth...)
  • Medicine: Medical/Dental, Diagnosis/Prognosis, internal/external, art/science, emergency/non-emergency...

Typically we find those who are exhibiting a list of perceived Patterns in Nature may focus on geometric patterns, with a recurring predominant emphasis on swirls, concentricities, and undulations. However, other observers are more eclectically generalized in describing Patterns in Nature depending on the age and context of those the information is directed towards. Some examples are:

  • Tessellations: A Tessellation (or Tiling) is when we cover a surface with a pattern of flat shapes so that there are no overlaps or gaps.
  • Fractals: Fractals have a pattern that we see again after zooming in. (Macro/Micro similarity.)
  • Linear and other Patterns: e.g. Line patterns may be stripes, cracks, or even waves or described as meanderings.
  • Foams, Bubbles, Bursts, Concavitations, the void of outer space, natural laws, etc., are a few examples of repeated patterns in nature. Some of these patterns are uniform, such as in tessellations, and some of these patterns appear chaotic, but consistent, such as fractals. (Patterns in Nature (Study.com)

Linear, Circular, Triangular patterns seen in stromatolites:

Basic patterns seen in stromtolites

More basic parameters of pattern exhibition involve linear, circular and triangular configurations... with combinations or a multiplicity expressed as some supposed complication akin to an avocation of some personalized intellectual "complexification" meant to give the impression of some higher order intelligence they possess. Here are some examples and links concerning patterns in Nature:

The spiral pattern in Nature

While there are other patterns in Nature then the spiral, it often is the one frequently exhibited and linked with some imagined connection to that called the Golden Ratio which in actuality is just a fancy name for a duality... a dual-based proportionality. It wasn't name the silver ratio, nor the copper ratio, nor the diamond ratio, nor the iron, zinc, salt, or other type of ratio. Oh no, those in the past and their followers had to use the word "golden" attached to a repetition called ratio, just like some mathematicians claim mathematics as the Queen of the Sciences. The origin for using the word "golden" as opposed to emerald, ruby or turquoise, may actually be based on discrimination, bias and other models of preferential treatment... though such an avenue of consideration is not necessarily to be found here: An introduction to the golden ratio. Here is what the AI overview provides by using the query "why is the golden ratio called the golden ratio?". Clearly, beauty is in the eye of the beholder... with mathematicians harboring a very strange eye when it comes to beauty:

The golden ratio is called the golden ratio because it's a number, approximately 1.618, that has been historically associated with beauty, harmony, and pleasing proportions, particularly in art and architecture. It's also found in nature and has unique mathematical properties, contributing to its "golden" status.

  • Aesthetic Appeal:
    • The golden ratio has been considered aesthetically pleasing since ancient times. Early mathematicians and later artists and architects recognized its presence in natural forms and used it in their creations, believing it to be a key to visual harmony.
  • Golden Rectangle:
    • A golden rectangle is a rectangle where the ratio of its longer side to its shorter side is the golden ratio. This shape is thought to be particularly pleasing to the eye, and it's been used in art and architecture for centuries.
  • Mathematical Properties:
    • The golden ratio has unique mathematical properties, such as being 1 more than its reciprocal and being the only number that is 1 less than its square.
  • Alternative Names:
    1. The golden mean.
    2. Divine proportion.
    3. Golden section.
  • Found in Nature:

    • The golden ratio appears in various natural forms, such as the spiral of a nautilus shell, the branching of trees, and even the proportions of the human body.
    • Historical Significance:
      • The concept of the golden ratio dates back to ancient Greece and was further popularized during the Renaissance by figures like Luca Pacioli and Leonardo da Vinci.

    while the notion of a spiral may come to mind, it also is the case that some of us wondering if other patterns which at first give the impressions as waves are not also spirals being viewed from different vantage points, and whether the spiral itself is not due to some perceptual handicap. No less, the solar system rotates as a spiral within the spiraling galaxy as it moves through space, bringing to mind the need for time travel to account for position in terms of the spiraling effects, of which the entire Universe may itself be spiraling.

    DNA's double helix viewed as a spiral. An image of a spiraling galaxy Examples of spirals in different forms
    Speculations about Blackholes
    Waves, wavelets, undulations, and other potential spirals
    whirlpools and tornadoes
    Orb spider welbs are designed by way of a spiraling construction sequence

Interestingly, the basic pattern ensemble of linear, circular and triangular have been overlooked because too strict a requirement on observation has been imposed. However, if we loosen our definition we can include for example, the 3 geometries of the Universe labeled as flat (let us say linear), spherical (let us say circular), and saddle-shaped (let us say triangular). And to this example let us add that trees nearer the coast such as the palm and banana trees have a trunk that is long and lean (meaning linear), while there are more robust trees further inland (that we can describe as circular), and the higher elevations we meet triangular shaped trees called the pine or even Christmas tree.

Linear, circular, triangular tree forms

Older collection of basic designs in Nature

Looking at light with a geometric perspective

While I can illustrate a few uncommonly described linear- circular- triangular examples, how does one effectively illustrate the concept of time or direction of space as being linear, circular, and triangular? Granted someone has described time as an arrow, thus suggesting it is linear, yet many of our time pieces are circular or at least the enumeration of hours are set in a circular array... but the idea of time proceeding or exhibiting our current notions of triangularity may not be easily thought of by most people.

Symmetry defined in terms of basic geometries

Different models of linear, circular, triangular configurations

Lawn sprinklers exhibiting linear, circula, triangular streams of water

Linear and Circular sprinkler heads producing differen spray patterns

Imaginative viewing of linear, circular, triangular configurations Linear, circular, and triangular configurations in a clock

Yet, let us admit to the possibility that there are other patterns which neither current professionals or the general public take time to list or make mention of in any concerted way in terms of a public declaration. But if you do, you are either met with disparagement, dismissiveness, or some attempted distraction, depending on the dominant inclination of a given culture when they encounter someone whose efforts apparently have uncovered a point of perception for which there is not conventional means of appropriating it so as to contour it into facilitating the procurement of power, position, or pecuniary gain. It's like a college classroom filled with gullible idiots who think what they are being taught is the key to prosperity, and thus if someone suggests an alternative view they are not able to readily immerse into their practiced rationalizations, someone in the class invariable voices the opinion that such a person is off-topic, or that their comment is irrelevant, or they are not on the same page as everyone else. And though you might think a professor would come to the defense of the person and allow alternative perspectives, many professors are just as stupidly close-mined as the rest of the class... however, as a younger sister experienced, a professor asked for students to write out their alternative ideas so as to have a means of reflecting on something they could eventually use to write a book about, after the student had moved into the next year's level of studies. And a brother of mine encounter the situation in his law field that he uncovered a rather creative means of addressing a case, only to have a colleague steal his idea, acquire some public notoriety for it, but never gave my brother any credit. And need I mention how often I have encountered something I've worked on and publicly shared, only to find someone else using the idea but never providing an indication of the origination source? Just because something is in the public domain is not excuse for not providing attributive credit where it is due.

It should go without saying that a study of Trichotomization related to the development of cognition and human consciousness requires a appreciable survey of other patterns, one of which is dichotomization and the developmental assignment of enumeration in words, actions, symbols of which can be assigned with a numerical identifier to assist with the plotting of occurrence, absence, disappearance, increase and diversity of usage in different modes and manners in different contexts over time.

Here is an internet AI summary by way of the query: "persistence of dichotomies". Please note that the old "warring factions" idea is appended as the main definition, with no reference to later considerations of complimentarity:

The "persistence of dichotomies" refers to the tendency for seemingly outdated or inaccurate binary oppositions (dichotomies) to remain influential in thought and discourse, despite evidence that they oversimplify complex realities. These dichotomies, while sometimes useful as initial frameworks for understanding, can hinder nuanced analysis and perpetuate inaccurate or incomplete understandings of the world.

Elaboration: What is a dichotomy?

A dichotomy is a division of something into two opposing parts, often presented as mutually exclusive and exhaustive. Examples include nature vs. nurture, mind vs. body, or good vs. evil.

Why do they persist?

  1. Several factors contribute to the persistence of dichotomies:
    • Simplicity and ease of use: Dichotomies offer a simple, easily understood framework, which can be appealing even if it's not fully accurate.
    • Cognitive biases: Our brains may be wired to categorize and simplify information, making us prone to seeing things in binary terms.
    • Habit and tradition: Dichotomies can become ingrained in our thinking through repetition and established ways of talking about things.
    • Metaphorical power: Dichotomies can be powerful metaphors that shape how we think about complex issues, even if they don't accurately represent the underlying reality.
  2. Consequences of persistent dichotomies: Oversimplification: They can lead to a failure to appreciate the complexities and nuances of a topic.
    • False choices: They can create a false dilemma where only two options are presented, even when other possibilities exist.
    • Hindered understanding: By focusing on the opposition, they can obscure the interactions and interconnectedness of different aspects.
  3. Examples of persistent dichotomies:
    • Nature vs. nurture: The debate about whether behavior is primarily determined by genetics or environment continues to influence thinking about development, even though most scientists recognize the importance of both.
    • Politics vs. administration: This dichotomy, prevalent in public administration, suggests a clear separation between policy-making and implementation, which is often not the case in reality.
    • Learned vs. innate behavior: This dichotomy, common in discussions of animal and human behavior, often fails to acknowledge the complex interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental influences.
  4. Moving beyond dichotomies:
    • While dichotomies can be starting points for analysis, it's crucial to move beyond them to understand the complexities of the world. This involves recognizing the interplay of different factors, the spectrum of possibilities, and the limitations of simplistic binary oppositions.

Here is the internet AI response to the query: "Persistence of Dualities".

The term "persistence of dualities" refers to the continued presence or relevance of opposing concepts or structures in various fields, often in mathematical and philosophical contexts. This can manifest as the persistent relationship between seemingly contradictory ideas, the enduring nature of certain mathematical structures, or the ongoing discussion about the nature of persistence and identity. Here's a breakdown of how this concept appears in different areas:

  1. Persistent Homology and Duality:
    • In computational topology, persistent homology analyzes the evolution of topological features (like connected components, holes, etc.) across a filtration of a space.
    • Duality plays a crucial role in persistent homology, particularly between homology and cohomology, and between absolute and relative versions of these concepts.
      • For example, global duality in persistent homology means that a single calculation (performed twice with slightly altered input) can compute all four persistent objects (absolute homology, relative homology, absolute cohomology, and relative cohomology).
      • This duality is also seen in the relationship between different algorithms for computing persistent homology, like pHcol and pHrow.
      • Furthermore, there's a duality between different constructions of cubical complexes from images, allowing for the conversion of persistence diagrams between these models.
  2. Philosophical Implications:
    • In philosophy, the concept of dualities arises in discussions about the nature of reality, identity, and persistence.
      • For example, the debate between endurantism and perdurantism in metaphysics centers on how objects persist through time.
      • The "paradox of identity" highlights the tension between the constant change and regeneration of our cells and our sense of enduring personal identity.
      • Salvador Dali's painting, "The Persistence of Memory," uses melting clocks to explore the subjective nature of time and the interconnectedness of existence, which can be seen as a reflection on the duality of time and its impact on our perception.
    • Other Applications:
      • Alexander duality, a concept in topology, can be extended to real-valued functions, revealing relationships between the persistence diagrams of different parts of a space.
      • PoincarĂ© duality, another topological concept, can also be applied to generalized persistence diagrams, revealing relationships between them.
      • The persistence of dualities is also relevant in the study of digital images, where different topological models (e.g., based on direct or indirect adjacency) can be related through duality.

In essence, the persistence of dualities reflects a fundamental principle that opposing forces or concepts often coexist and interact, shaping our understanding of the world in various disciplines.


Let's now look at an AI response to the query "persistence of trichotomies". For those involved in the study of Trichotomization, the responses are particularly naive (extremely generalized). Thinking in terms of "trichotomy" does not bring to mind the parental figure "trichotomzation". Trichotomization on the other hand is fully aware of how the allure of the term trichotomy can be misused as a pretenced all-encompassing label:

  1. Persistence of trichotomies: a multi-faceted concept
    • The concept of "trichotomy," or a division into three parts, manifests in various domains and raises questions about their endurance and validity.
  2. In philosophy
    • Human Nature: Historically, some philosophical and theological schools have proposed a tripartite view of human nature, dividing it into body, soul, and spirit. However, the concept of dichotomy (body and soul as two distinct entities) is more widely accepted.
    • Hegel's Dialectic: This philosophical method involves a thesis, antithesis, and their resolution in a synthesis, forming a three-part process of conceptual development.
    • Peirce's Triadic Relations: Philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce extensively used trichotomies to categorize phenomena, like his classification of predicates into monadic (quality), dyadic (reaction), and triadic (representation).
    • The "Trichotomy of Control" in Stoicism: A modern interpretation suggesting a three-way division of things into those within our control, those outside our control, and those partially within our control, according to: The Trichotomy Fallacy. This idea, however, has been criticized as a misinterpretation of traditional Stoic philosophy, which emphasizes a dichotomy of control: things either within our control or outside of it.
  3. In mathematics
    • Trichotomy Law: This fundamental law states that for any two real numbers a and b, exactly one of the following must be true: < b, a = b, or a > b. This principle is essential for ordering real numbers and working with inequalities.
    • Exponential Trichotomy: In the study of dynamical systems, exponential trichotomy refers to a specific type of invariant splitting for non-autonomous linear systems. It's a fundamental tool for analyzing stability and constructing invariant manifolds, according to: Persistence of exponential trichotomy for linear operators: A Lyapunov-Perron approach by A. Ducrot, P. Magal, O. Seydi.
  4. In other fields
    • Science Education: The Trichotomy Property is an important concept taught in college algebra, crucial for understanding and working with linear and absolute value inequalities.
    • Mixed Methods Research: The "Trichotomy-Squared" test is an innovative mixed-methods approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative data analysis to validate research hypotheses.
    • Trichotomy in Everyday Life: Examples include winning/losing/drawing in games, the three communication styles (passive, aggressive, assertive), or even the three branches of government.
  5. Persistence and validity
    • The persistence of trichotomies in human thought and various disciplines is undeniable. However, their validity and fundamental nature are often debated. Critics argue that some trichotomies may be arbitrary or reducible to combinations of dichotomies, while others prove essential for understanding specific phenomena, says Jesse Duffield. The ongoing discussion reflects the ongoing human endeavor to structure and categorize the complexities of the world around us.

Again, there is a problem when using the word "trichotomy" to suggest it is somehow a parental figure for "all things three", when the better term is "trichotomization" which permits an enlarged engagement of multiple patterns which are part of the larger Trichotomic ensemble of considerations when taking into account the view of an expressive cognitive development over time, which assumed to have occurred in a sequential 1-2-3... Cardinal fashion, with an implied 1st, 2nd, 3rd Ordinality, which is itself a duality (Cardinality/Ordinality) suggesting an eventual third kind of ordering will, does, or has occurred. . For example, in terms of cognitive development in which enumeration is used to illustrate an increasing awareness (if not complexity) denoted as consciousness, the cardinal sequentiality of 1-2-3 can be seen in different ideological constructs, though often obscured by words, symbols, art, music, chemistry, ceremony, etc... Hence...

  • Multiplicity is sometimes used to convey single, doubles, triples, etc...
  • Singles can be used to describe a multiplicity (of any number)
  • Doubles can be used to illustrate singular ideas.
  • Triples can be used to define some duality... thus expressing an embellished duality.
  • Quadruples can be used to convey singles, doubles, triples or combinations such as a 3 to 1 ratio.
  • etc...

(Note: the above enumerations expressed with words are meant to convey an allowance for other symbols and words describing quantity such as duality, singularity, triplicity, pairing, etc... This is an effort to convey an attempted covering for those ideas which have a designated number such as four or three, or two... etc., as inaccurate models of underlying smaller enumerations. For example, someone claims a four model when it actually two 2-modles sandwiched together, or a four model more accurately defined as a 3 -to-1 ratio, or a triad that actually is an embellished dyad, or a dyad that actually is a singular concept...

While we can view the concepts of singularity, duality, triplicity from the singular perspectives of multiple subjects, (or the obverse: multiple perspectives from singular subjects), the point is in all of this playful semantics is that we may need to develop a new model of relativity to deal with all the individualized bias and self-centeredness we are confronted with when standing on the stages of different subjects and asked to see the world through the glare of different lights and read the respective script its dominant orators prescribe as truth to a gullible audience practicing traditions of ideology.


Date of Origination: Sunday, May 31st, 2025... 11:21 PM
Initial Posting Date: Saturday, August 9th, 2025... 1:18 AM