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I was adding so many examples to the Home page that it became unwieldy, so I took about half and make a continuance here:

  • Tripartite Characterizations:
    • Maiden, Mother, Crone
    • King, Princess, Suitor
    • Lion, Scarecrow, Tin Man
  • Tripartite government-related characterizations in the US:
    • Of, By, For the People (Expression used in the Gettysburg Address taken from the Abolitionist preacher Theodore Parker
      • It originally included "All the People", but this is not how the US government is run.
    • 3 Federal Government divisions: Legislative, Judicial, Executive.
    • 3 overall government divisions: Local, State, Federal.
    • 3 court types in the U.S. federal system: District Courts, Courts of Appeals, U.S. Supreme Court
      • 3-part courtroom express: Tell the Truth, The Whole Truth, Nothing but the Truth;
      • 3 Main Courtroom Representatives: Judge, Defense, Prosecution
    • 3-to-1 phases of courtroom witness examination: (Opposing party = 3, "Proponent" party = 1)
      1. Direct Examination: This is the first phase of questioning a witness. The attorney who called the witness to the stand conducts the direct examination to gather favorable testimony and establish facts.
      2. Cross-Examination: After direct examination, the opposing party's attorney may question the witness. This is called cross-examination and often involves asking leading questions to test the witness's credibility or to elicit specific points.
      3. Redirect Examination: If the opposing attorney raises new issues or points during cross-examination, the original attorney has the opportunity to conduct a redirect examination. This allows the attorney to clarify any confusing or potentially damaging points made during cross-examination.
        • Recross-Examination: After the redirect examination, the opposing party may conduct a recross-examination, further questioning the witness on matters raised during the redirect examination. This cycle of redirect and recross can continue.
3 buddha body types from West to East
  • 3 Vietnamese Prosperities: Happiness, Wealth, Longevity
  • 3 Anti-Campaign (Mao Zedong): Anti-corruption, Anti-waste, Anti-bureaucratism
  • 3rd Worldism Theory: Mao Zedong; Third Reich theory: Hitler; 3 Worlds theory: Karl Popper
  • 3 Metal Ages theory: Stone- Bronze- Iron (Christian Jürgensen Thomsen)
  • 3 Ages Millenarian Theory: (Joachim of Fiore)
    • Father [old testament]
    • Son [New testament]
    • Holy Spirit [Future]
  • 3's used in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, representing the Holy Trinity and the divine order of the Christian universe:
    • Three Sections: Inferno (Hell), Purgatorio (Purgatory), and Paradiso (Heaven).
    • Terza Rima: a poetic form invented by Dante, consisting of three-line stanzas (tercets) with an interlocking rhyme scheme.
    • Three Beasts: In the prologue, Dante encounters three animals—a leopard, a lion, and a she-wolf—that block his path and are often interpreted as symbols of major sins like lust, pride, and avarice or incontinence.
    • Three-Headed Cerberus: In the third circle of Hell, Dante sees the monstrous, three-headed dog Cerberus, who torments the gluttonous.
    • Three-Part Journey: a progressive spiritual trek through three realms of the afterlife, symbolizing his path from sin to salvation.
  • Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression: Watson and Clark (1991)
    • This model divides the symptoms of anxiety and depression into three groups: negative affect, positive affect and physiological hyperarousal.
  • Tripartite Model of Personal Identity has 3 levels, (by D.W. Sue and others):
    1. Individual Level: This aspect highlights what makes a person unique and distinct from others. It includes personal interests, specific life events, unique genetic makeup, and individual psychological attributes that create a singular identity.
    2. Group Level: This level focuses on how individuals identify with various social groups. These groups can include family, cultural communities, religious affiliations, national groups, and other social affiliations that contribute to a sense of belonging.
    3. Universal Level: This level describes the shared aspects of human experience that connect all people. It encompasses common biological and physical similarities, universal life events (birth, death, love, sadness), and the shared capacity for consciousness and the use of symbols, such as language.
  • Tripartite model of multicultural counseling, originally developed by D.W. Sue and colleagues, posits that culturally competent counselors possess three core competencies:
    1. Awareness (of their own values and biases).
    2. Knowledge (of diverse cultural world-views and systemic influences).
    3. Skills (to implement culturally appropriate interventions).
  • 3 Components to Paul Goldstein's 1985 Tripartite model of violence and substance use:
    1. Psychopharmacological violence: Violence that results from the direct effects of a drug on the brain.
    2. Economic-compulsive violence: Violence committed to fund an expensive drug habit.
    3. Systemic violence: Violence that is part of the drug trade and its subculture.
  • Triune brain model proposed by Paul MacLean (1960s):
    1. Reptilian Brain (Brainstem):
      • Responsible for fundamental, instinctual survival functions like breathing, heart rate, and reflexive behaviors such as fight, flight, or freeze responses.
    2. Paleomammalian Brain (Limbic System):
      • This "emotional brain" includes structures like the amygdala and hippocampus and is linked to emotions, memory, attachment, and social bonding.
    3. Neomammalian Brain (Neocortex):
      • The most recent part of the brain, unique to humans, responsible for advanced cognitive functions such as language, complex problem-solving, reasoning, and planning.
  • 3 Rationales for not believing in the Triune brain theory:
    1. Incorrect Evolutionary Model:
      • The idea that the brain developed as distinct, layered additions is not supported by evolutionary biology; rather, brain parts evolved and developed in parallel.
    2. Interconnected Networks:
      • Instead of separate functional regions, the brain operates as a complex network where different areas are densely interconnected and work together.
    3. Interdependence of Function:
      • Emotion and cognition are not isolated to specific brain regions but are interdependent functions that work together to balance needs and goals.
  • 3 Stone Ages Periods: Paleolithic (old)- Mesolithic (middle)- Neolithic (New)
  • 3 Ages of a "Metal man": Silver hair- Gold teeth- Lead feet (Movie: "Destroyer" 1943)
  • 3 Stages Law: Theological- Metaphysical- Positive (August Compte)
  • 3-part Dialectic Method: Thesis, Anti-thesis, Synthesis (Hegel)
  • 3 Social Industry stages: Pre-industrial, Industrial, Post-industrial (Daniel Bell)
  • 3-Stage Cultural Evolutionism: Savagery- Barbarism- Civilization (Lewis Henry Morgan)
  • 3 Economic Growth stages: Pre-take-off, Take-off, Post-take-off (Walt Rostow)
  • 3 main Societal Change Theories: Evolutionary- Functionalist- Conflict (multiple authors)
  • 3-part Religious Evolution framework: Primitive- Archaic- Modern (Robert Bellah)
  • Tripartite Theory of the Soul: Reason- Spirit- Apetite (Plato)
    • Reason (Logistikon): Governs the other parts of the soul through the love of wisdom and truth, and resides in the head.
    • Spirit (Thymoeides): Represents a person's emotions like anger and honor, which serve as an ally to reason, and is located near the chest.
    • Appetite (Epithymetikon): Represents basic bodily desires, such as hunger and sex, and is the most dangerous part of the soul if left unchecked. It is located in the stomach.
  • Tripartite Components of State: (Plato)
    • The Rulers: The philosopher-kings who govern the city based on reason.
    • The Auxiliaries: The military class that defends the city and is ruled by spirit.
    • The Producers: The common class of farmers and craftsmen driven by their appetites.
  • Trifunctional hypothesis of Indo-European Societies: (Georges Dumezil)
    • First Function (Priestly): This highest function was responsible for matters of sovereignty, order, and religious affairs, including mediation with divine powers and the dispensing of justice. (Further divided into a formal priestly function and a more powerful, unpredictable one.)
    • Second Function (Warrior): This class was dedicated to protection and warfare, safeguarding society against external threats and internal rebellion.
    • Third Function (Productive): Also known as the "nourishing" function, this encompassed all forms of production, from farming and herding to crafts and commerce, providing the sustenance for the entire society.
  • Tripartite Separation of Government Powers (aka, system of Checks and Balances): (Montesquieu, 18th century)
    • Legislative Branch: Makes the laws.
    • Executive Branch: Enforces the laws.
    • Judicial Branch: Interprets the laws.
  • Tripartism in economics and labor: (Gained popularity during the 1930s and is notably used in the Nordic model, aims to create a consensus-based approach to economic and labor policy. In this model, economic policy is developed through negotiation among three groups:
    • The government
    • Business interest groups
    • Labor unions
  • Tripartite Model of Attitudes:
    • Affective: The emotional aspect (feelings) of an attitude.
    • Cognitive: The beliefs, thoughts, and knowledge associated with the attitude.
    • Behavioral: The tendency to act in a certain way related to the attitude.
  • Tripartite "Meaning-in-Life Model":
    • Coherence: Understanding life's events and one's place within it.
    • Purpose: Having goals, intentions, and something to strive for.
    • Significance: Believing that life is valuable, important, and has worth.
  • Tripartite Model of Dishonesty: (Christian L. Hart)
    1. Expected Utility of Dishonesty (U): The perceived benefit or advantage gained from lying. This could include material gain, attention, or impressing others.
    2. Expected External Disutility (ED): The risk and potential negative consequences of being detected lying. This relates to external factors, such as punishment, social disapproval, or loss of trust.
    3. Expected Internal Disutility (ID): The internal costs of lying, such as feelings of guilt, shame, anxiety, or the mental effort required to maintain the deception.
  • 3 primary ways people lie:
    1. Lying by Commission: This involves actively stating something that is not true. It's the most straightforward type of lying, where a person makes a false statement with the intention to deceive.
    2. Lying by Omission: This form of lying involves deliberately withholding information that would be relevant to the truth. The person doesn't necessarily deny something, but they leave out crucial details that would paint a different picture.
    3. Paltering: This is a more subtle form of deception where a person uses truthful statements to create a misleading impression. The statements themselves are not false, but they are used to manipulate the listener into believing something untrue.
  • 3 kinds of lies quote: Lies, Damned lies, and Statistics," attributed to Mark Twain.
  • Tripartite Model of Fear
    • Physiological arousal: Bodily responses like increased heart rate.
    • Cognitive distress: Subjective feelings of fear and anxiety.
    • Behavioral avoidance: Actions taken to stay away from the feared stimulus.
  • Tripartite Reactions model to a perceived threat:
    • Fight (confrontational)
    • Flight (externalized fleeing)
    • Freeze/Fawn (internalized fleeing/submission, in an attempt to placate)
  • 3-patterned Model In computer science: Model-View-Controller (MVC)
    • Model: Contains the data and core business logic.
    • View: Displays the data from the model to the user.
    • Controller: Manages the user's input and updates both the view and the model.
  • 3 types of models that influence a person's behavior (Albert Bandura):
    • Live models: Demonstrate a behavior in person.
    • Verbal instructional models: Explain or describe a behavior.
    • Symbolic models: Fictional or real people in media, such as movies or books, who demonstrate behaviors.
  • 3 Modes of Representation; [three ways learners represent knowledge] (Jerome Bruner):
    • Enactive representation: Knowledge stored through physical actions and movements.
    • Iconic representation: Information represented visually through images.
    • Symbolic representation: Knowledge stored through symbols, such as language or mathematical formulas.
  • 3 Curriculum Design Models in Education:
    • Subject-centered: Focuses on the content of a specific discipline, such as mathematics or biology.
    • Learner-centered: Tailors the curriculum to individual student needs, interests, and goals.
    • Problem-centered: Uses real-world issues to teach students problem-solving skills.
  • 3 types of traditional theories of happiness: (Authors of overview: Martin E. P. Seligman and Ed Royzman, July 2003)
    • Hedonism. In all its variants, it holds that happiness is a matter of raw subjective feeling. This theory has its modern conceptual roots in Bentham's utilitarianism (Bentham, 1978),
    • Desire theories hold that happiness is a matter of getting what you want (Griffin, 1986), with the content of the "want" left up to the person who does the wanting.
    • Objective List theory (Nussbaum, 1992; Sen, 1985) lodges happiness outside of feeling and onto a list of "truly valuable" things in the real world.
  • 3 Philosophical Approaches to Science:
    • Syntactic View: Defines a theory by its logical, axiomatic structure.
    • Semantic View: Defines a theory by its mathematical models and structures.
    • Pragmatic View: Defines a theory by its function, practices, and context in real-world use.
  • 3 Western Ethical Frameworks:
    • Consequentialism: Determines morality based on an action's outcomes.
    • Deontology: Focuses on an action's inherent rightness or wrongness, regardless of consequences.
    • Virtue Ethics: Emphasizes the development of a person's moral character.
  • 3-part Structural Model of the Psyche: ID- EGO- SuperEgo (Sigmund Freud)
    • Id: The primitive, instinct-driven part that seeks immediate gratification.
    • Ego: The rational and realistic part that mediates between the id and the external world.
    • Superego: The moral compass that incorporates societal and parental standards.
  • 3-part Self-Determination Theory (SDT):
    • Autonomy: The need to feel control over one's choices and life.
    • Competence: The need to feel effective and capable in one's actions.
    • Relatedness: The need to feel connected and supported by others.
  • Tripartite Model of the Therapeutic Relationship: (Psychotheraphy)
    • Working Alliance: The collaborative bond focused on achieving therapeutic goals.
    • Real Relationship: The genuine connection between two people, separate from their roles.
    • Transference-Countertransference Configuration: The unconscious feelings and thoughts exchanged between client and therapist.
  • 3-part frameworks are common in theological and biblical traditions, particularly concerning human nature:
    • Trichotomy vs. Dichotomy: A significant theological debate involves whether humans are a two-part or three-part being.
    • Trichotomy: The view that humans are composed of a distinct body, soul (psuche), and spirit (pneuma). Supporters often cite 1 Thessalonians 5:23.
    • Dichotomy: The view that the soul and spirit are different names for the same spiritual element, making man a two-part being (body and soul/spirit).
  • Young soul, Old soul, Ancient soul
  • Son, Father, Holy Spirit/Ghost; Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva; Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva; Zeus, Poseidon, Hades
  • Famous Trios:
  • 3 Magi of the Christian Biblical tradition:
    • Caspar (or Gaspar): Often depicted as a younger man, representing the king from India.
    • Melchior: Frequently portrayed as the oldest, this figure is traditionally said to be from Persia, the bringer of gold.
    • Balthasar: Typically depicted as middle-aged, this name is associated with the king of Arabia.
  • 3 Stooges:
    • Moe Howard. The Ringleader. Instantly recognized by his signature bowl cut. (born Moses Horwitz)
    • Larry Fine. The Middle Stooge. Larry Fine, known as "the middle Stooge". (born Louis Feinberg), 1925–1970
    • Curly Howard. The Silliest Member of the Stooges. (born Jerome Horwitz),
    • 3 stooges brothers: Shemp (born Samuel Horwitz), Moe, Curly
  • 3 tenors: Luciano Pavarotti (Italian), Plácido Domingo (Spaniard), José Carreras (Spaniard).
  • Blood, Sweat, Tears (Music, Theater, etc...)
  • Rock, Scissors, Paper; 3 shells, 3 Card Monte
  • Minimize, Maximize, Close (upper right symbols on computers)
  • The Good, The Bad, The Ugly (Movie title)
  • Sticks, Stones, Names; Wynken, Blyken, Nod; Tic-Tac-Toe
  • Myth, Fairy tales, Folk Tales; Short stories, Novellas, Novels
  • 3 Tasks, Trials, Tests, Tribulations, Torments, Temptations, Trepidations
  • 3 ghosts (Christmas carol), witches (Macbeth),
  • 3 Jewels of Masonry: Square, Level, and Plumb
  • 3 Jewels of Buddhism: Buddha, Dharma, Sangha
  • 3 Jewels of Jainism: Right Faith), Right Knowledge, Right Conduct, Taoism
  • 3 jewels of Taoism: Compassion, Moderation, Humility
  • 3 World Famous Jewels: Hope Diamond, Koh-i-Noor Diamond, La Peregrina (Pearl)
  • Big Collections and their Collectors (I include this as a bit of fun viewing, even though it is not directed towards a "threes" content. Different strokes for different folks used to be a common expression. Perhaps one day someone will make a video about those who collect particular enumerations.)


3rd Metric uses a 3-to-1 ratio of "pillars" misidentified as "four":

"The Third Metric" refers to Arianna Huffington's concept of a new framework for success that moves beyond traditional metrics of money and power to include well-being, wisdom, wonder, and giving (aka: improving a person's overall quality of life... which is a very ancient point of view). Popularized in her book Thrive, the Third Metric emphasizes a more balanced and fulfilling life by incorporating elements like meditation, connection with others, and a sense of purpose and compassion, rather than solely focusing on career achievements.

3 "W's + 1 G" Pillar arrangement:
  1. Well-being: Focusing on physical and mental health through practices like sleep, exercise, and mindfulness.
  2. Wisdom: Cultivating intuition, inner knowledge, and the ability to learn from experiences.
  3. Wonder: Engaging with the world in a way that sparks curiosity, awe, and a sense of magic.
  • Giving: Contributing to others and finding meaning in compassion and generosity.

A tripartite model of evolution, also called a tripartite evolutionary game model, is a mathematical framework used in economics and social sciences to analyze the strategic interactions and evolutionary paths of three distinct groups of agents (e.g., government, enterprises, and public) who are attempting to achieve specific goals or adapt to a shared environment. These models examine how the strategies of each party evolve over time due to factors like costs, benefits, and external influences, ultimately leading to an "evolutionarily stable strategy" where no single participant has an incentive to change their behavior.

Multiple concepts can be described as a "tripartite model of imagination," and the specific meaning depends on the context, such as creativity studies, philosophy, or the history of psychology:

Tripartite Thinking Model of Creativity (TTMC)

In the field of creativity studies, the Tripartite Thinking Model of Creativity (TTMC) defines creative output as an interaction between three cognitive processes.

  • Logical thinking: The ability to organize and structure a problem or solution in a rational way. This includes identifying elements, finding relationships, and organizing a framework for a solution.
  • Critical thinking: The ability to evaluate the models and potential solutions generated by logical and lateral thinking, judging their accuracy and discovering mistakes based on suitable standards and domain-specific knowledge.
  • Lateral thinking: The ability to generate new cognitive patterns and produce unconventional ideas that go beyond habitual recognition.

Coleridge's Tripartite Imagination

The poet and philosopher Samuel Taylor Coleridge proposed a tripartite theory of imagination, which included a foundational concept of "primary imagination".

  • Primary imagination: The involuntary, unconscious act of perceiving reality. It is the spontaneous and creative power that enables us to make sense of the world through our senses.
  • Secondary imagination: The conscious, deliberate, and voluntary artistic process. It is a more developed form of the primary imagination that is used by poets and artists to "dissolve, diffuse, dissipate, in order to re-create" reality and form new wholes.
  • Fancy: Coleridge distinguishes fancy from the secondary imagination as a mechanical and associative process that combines and rearranges pre-existing images without true creative power.

Tripartite model in philosophy

In philosophical contexts, the tripartite model can relate to broader divisions of the mind or soul, with imagination as a component within a larger faculty.

  • Cognition (Intellect): Deals with the process of knowing and understanding, which encompasses imagination, memory, and thinking.
  • Affect (Sensibilities): The domain of feeling and emotion.
  • Conation (Will): The faculty of motivation and voluntary action.

Model for robotics (RAIL)

A recent model for robotic affordance has proposed a tripartite framework that explicitly includes "imagination". This system uses large language models and physics simulators to teach robots to use objects.

  • Analysis: Interprets a requested affordance into an interaction-based definition.
  • Imagination: Simulates a virtual scenario for the object and task.
  • Evaluation: Assesses whether the object is suitable for the requested affordance.


Threes and Multiples thereof in the topic of "Gaia" (Mother Earth)

The interest in "Gaia" (Mother Earth) viewed as a protector and nurturing soul linked to fertility that we must take care of to insure the prosperity of humanity and all other life, is an ill-founded rationalization that needs to be addressed with an analytical and not sentimental eye, so that humanity grows up and fully acknowledges that... like all life forms... Gaia has a shelf life for its ability to be fertile and continuance, though in fact one might say Mother Earth time and again engaged in various contraceptive activities. Thus, humanity must make way for indulging in the view that it must sever the umbilical cord from Gaia in order for humanity to reach its fullest potential.

Gaia, as the Earth, needs to be viewed in terms of the Earth's development through its entire history of Nature and Natural forces in the present sector of the Milky Way Galaxy. For example, the birth of Gaia was a long series of traumatic events involving an oxygen-less, hot and cold, wet and dry development that did not support life, like a barren and virgin-less female in its early stages of development. On top of this, human mythological accounts describe Gaia's offspring (called Titans) occurring in groups of threes and multiples thereof, such as 6- 9- 12, extending even into the thousands. Such groups very often occurred due to incest and rape... and may have been a frequent occurrence along with Homosexuality and Lesbianism in some ancient cultures or suggests that Hesiod himself indulged in expressing his own pornographic mind pertaining to encapsulated civilizations as well as the "Island mentality" of Britian's present day tabloids. It is thus of value to provide a short reference about Hesiod's genealogy found in his Theogony. Hesiod's "Theogony", is a poem from the 7th century BCE.

Understanding what I mean by "contraceptive" in relation to the idea of "Mother Earth" (as a planet) is easily grasped by looking at the evolution of the Earth and the absence of life. For example, the presence of Ice ages may or may not have kept life from forming (instead of being in a form of hibernation or other state of suspended animation), thus describing "Mother Earth" as being cold or frigid, in the sense we would apply to a woman who refrains from social encounters suggesting of a potential sexual event to occur. No less, a woman who is always on the move can not be pinned down long enough for a sexual event to occur either. Hence, a woman may use abstinence or activity as a form of contraceptive. A woman needn't use or take an oral contraceptive, an IUD (intrauterine device) or some spermatocide. However, the techniques used by a human woman in contrast to Mother Earth, need a bit of imagination in order to find parallel ideas taking place. Nonetheless, the disposition of Earth in the absence of life can be used as a general reference to the type of contraceptive or abortifacient being used.

Mother Earth is not the person whom you think she is if you are imagining her to be a kind, considerate, wise, loving, creative and otherwise full of virtue and life respecting entity. The ancient Greeks called her "Gaia" not because she had all the foregoing wonderful traits you might imagine a "good" person and mother to have; but because she was the creator of monsters and giants that we of today refer to as storms, earthquakes, lightning, sinkholes, floods, genetic mutations, poor soil conditions, misperception, etc., and at times politicians, police officers, Military activity, crime, American Blacks, Southern whites, federal policing services, various federal departments and agencies, insidious predations of the LGBTQ+, Corporations, World Banking Association, religious fanatics, etc...

Here is a list of recurring "threes-associated" off-spring with respect to the Gaea Mythology in Ancient Greece, though other cultures may have had their own terms and associated patterns that have not been itemized as have the Indo-European perspectives in different subject areas (Such as for example Georges Dumezil's Tripartite Ideology, and Fairy tales.):

  • 3 Cyclops: Arges (Bright), Brontes (Thunderer), Steropes (Lightener), —who forged the thunderbolts of Zeus.
  • 3 fates (Hora): (also called Destiny goddesses) Clotho (Spinner), Lachesis (Allotter), Atropos (Inflexible)
  • 3 furies (Erinyes/ Eumenides): (also called Vengeance goddesses) Allecto ("Unceasing in Anger"), Tisiphone ("Avenger of Murder"), and Megaera ("Jealous")
  • 3 Gorgon: Monster figure in Greek mythology. Homer spoke of a single Gorgon—a monster of the underworld. The later Greek poet Hesiod increased the number of Gorgons to three: Stheno (the Mighty), Euryale (the Far Springer), and Medusa (the Queen)—and made them the daughters of the sea god Phorcys and of his sister-wife Ceto. The Attic tradition regarded the Gorgon as a monster produced by Gaea, the personification of Earth, to aid her sons against the gods. ("Gorgon." Encyclopædia Britannica, 2013.)
  • 3 Hecatoncheires: Briareus, also called Aegaeon... is one of the three brothers (in Greek mythology, he one of three 100-armed, 50-headed Hecatoncheires (from the Greek words for "hundred" and "hands"), the sons of the deities Uranus (Heaven) and Gaea (Earth). "Briareus." Encyclopædia Britannica, 2013.)
  • 3 Hesperides: (Greek: "Daughters of Evening"); They were usually three in number, Aegle, Erytheia, and Hespere (or Hesperethusa), but by some accounts were as many as seven. ("Hesperides." Encyclopædia Britannica, 2013.)
  • 3 apparent lovers of Gaea: Uranus (Heaven), Tartarus (Nether world), and as Themis she was the 2nd consort of Zeus (sky and weather god). However, she also is connected with Poseidon through Antaeus:

From the Wikipedia account on Titans:

In Greek mythology, the Titans (Ancient Greek: Titânes; singular: Tita´n) were the pre-Olympian gods. According to the Theogony of Hesiod, they were the twelve children of the primordial parents Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth). The six male Titans were Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, and Cronus; the six female Titans— called the Titanides or Titanesses— were Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, and Tethys.

After Cronus mated with his older sister Rhea, she bore the first generation of Olympians: the six siblings Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, Hestia, Demeter, and Hera. Certain other descendants of the Titans, such as Prometheus, Atlas, Helios, and Leto, are sometimes also called Titans.

According to Hesiod, the Titan offspring of Uranus and Gaia were Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Cronus. Eight of the Titan brothers and sisters married each other: Oceanus and Tethys, Coeus and Phoebe, Hyperion and Theia, and Cronus and Rhea. The other two Titan brothers married outside their immediate family. Iapetus married his niece Clymene, the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, while Crius married his half-sister Eurybia, the daughter of Gaia and Pontus. The two remaining Titan sisters, Themis and Mnemosyne, became wives of their nephew Zeus.

From Oceanus and Tethys came the three thousand river gods, and three thousand Oceanid nymphs. From Coeus and Phoebe came Leto, another wife of Zeus, and Asteria. From Crius and Eurybia came Astraeus, Pallas, and Perses. From Hyperion and Theia came the celestial personifications Helios (Sun), Selene (Moon), and Eos (Dawn). From Iapetus and Clymene came Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus. From Cronus and Rhea came the Olympians: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus. By Zeus, Themis bore the three Horae (Hours), and the three Moirai (Fates), and Mnemosyne bore the nine Muses.

While the descendants of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, Cronus and Rhea, Themis, and Mnemosyne (i.e. the river gods, the Oceanids, the Olympians, the Horae, the Moirai, and the Muses) are not normally considered to be Titans, descendants of the other Titans, notably: Leto, Helios, Atlas, and Prometheus, are themselves sometimes referred to as Titans.



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